Duti Luchang was rejected by the IAAF because of high testosterone
On August 12th, 20-year-old sprinter Dutee Chand stood at the starting point of the Rio Women's 100m preliminaries. This is the first player in the history of India to participate in the Olympic women's 100 meters race in 36 years. In Rio, she broke the Indian women's 100-meter record twice.
Those who scream for the athletes on the side of the field may not know that the 100 meters at the foot of Changde is the longest 100 meters in Olympic history.
Just last summer, the fate of Duty Luchang was still pending. Keeping her out of the Rio Olympics is not how fast she can run, but a controversial rule: if a female athlete's testosterone hormone level is too high, then the athlete is not eligible to participate in the Olympics. Unfortunately, Chand is one of them.
The story dates back to June 2014. One day, after completing the 200-meter sprint training, 18-year-old Changde received a notice to go to Delhi. According to the New York Times report, Chandler accepted an ultrasonic test that she doubted in Delhi. Three days later, she was asked to conduct a “gender verification testâ€. In a private hospital in Bangalore, she underwent testosterone tests, chromosome analysis MRI scans, and “embarrassing†gynaecological examinations. The results were not optimistic: Changde was rejected by the IAAF because of excessive testosterone. .
The basic logic behind the rule is that women with high concentrations of testosterone will exceed the level of “normal†women and have an unfair advantage. If they want to "like a woman", they must take hormone therapy or minimally invasive surgery. Otherwise, they can only compete with men on the same starting line.
In 2006, Sandra Yang carried the Y chromosome, and after the failure of gender detection, he deprived the Doha Asian Games of 800 meters.
History seems to repeat itself at this moment: In 2006, Indian female athlete Santhi Soundarajan won an 800-meter silver medal at the Doha Asian Games. However, the next day, Sandra Yang was asked to undergo a blood test and asked her to take off her clothes. A few days later, the Indian state television announced that Sandra Yang was deprived of the medal for a gender test failure. Although she was born and raised as a girl, she carries the Y chromosome. Sandra Yang, who has never doubted his gender, suddenly became a liar in the eyes of the public to conceal his gender. In the fight against depression, she even attempted to end her life with suicide. Fortunately, she was rescued in time, but she left the game forever.
Fortunately, Chand did not repeat the tragedy of Sandra Yang. She challenged this provision. In July last year, Chand won the arbitration. The Court of Arbitration for Sport stopped the so-called "T-test." The court gave the IAAF two years to prove that women with high levels of natural testosterone have an advantage over others. Otherwise, this rule is invalid. With the suspension of the rules, other athletes with the same fate as Chandler were allowed to participate in the competition.
“Although the track and field project has been naturally divided into men and women since the day of its birth, it is clear that human gender does not simply rely on this dichotomy.†The court ruled this way, but added: “The IAAF remains There is a need for a standard that divides athletes into men and women. In other words, the court also believes that the division of biological gender is still necessary in the sports arena.
Today, as people become more diversified about gender, it seems that it is harder to find other institutions, and they are more obsessed with gender boundaries than the International Association of Athletics Federations and the International Olympic Committee. Since the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, the Olympic Committee has conducted mandatory gender testing for all female athletes. The original intention of setting up a gender test was originally to prevent men from participating in women's projects. In fact, more and more female sexes have been blocked by such tests.
Women's 100m Gold Medalist at the Los Angeles Olympics in 1932, Stella Road Walsh
At the Los Angeles Olympics in 1932, Polish athlete Stella Walsh, who moved to the United States, won the gold medal in the women's 100-meter sprint. In 1936, Stella was suddenly accused by the Polish media, saying that it was a male but a women's category. Stella immediately accepted the gender test of the Olympic Committee to prove her female identity from the anatomical definition, that is, to have female genitals and other sexual characteristics. 40 years later, Stella died of the shooting, and the autopsy showed that she was an unidentified person. In today's context, people with the same conditions as Stella are classified as "Intersex Conditions" or "Differences of Sex Development", in the United States, every 2,000 newborns 1 case. In athletes, this situation occurs more frequently.
"This is the most dirty and stupid accusation against me. I know who I am and how I feel." In 1967, the Polish athlete Ewa Klo buko wska said his anger. She was the first athlete to undergo a chromosome test and was also disqualified from the women's 100m gold medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics due to chromosomal abnormalities. In 2009, South African athlete Caster Semenya, who was confirmed to be intersexual, also wrote angrily: “My most private and secret parts have been subjected to unfounded and aggressive scrutiny. "This not only violates my rights as an athlete, but also violates my most basic human rights, including my privacy and dignity."
Chris Mossier is the first transgender in Olympic history and will participate in the triathlon competition
There is a special figure in this year's track and field. Chris Mosier of the US team, as the first transgender in Olympic history, will participate in the triathlon competition. The good news is that in January of this year, the International Olympic Committee relaxed the restrictions on transgender people to participate in the Olympic Games and the World Championships. They can directly participate in the competition without the need for transsexual surgery, and the hormone treatment is shortened accordingly. And more sex minority athletes are also fighting on the field for their own rights.
Chand’s victory was hard-won. In some ways, it challenged the IAAF and the Olympic Committee’s ongoing review of female athletes over the years. After the victory, it is still full of unknowns. According to the court's ruling, a rule was put on hold and the IAAF is bound to find another way to distinguish athletes by men or women. Where is the traditional sporting event going when the gender has already bid farewell to the simple dichotomy? How do athletes who identify themselves as women and work and live in the way they are accepted and respected?
Chris Mossell, Castel Lusemmen, and Duti Luchang, this year's track and field, these names have a certain light, illuminating the more gender-rich future of the game. Being able to control one's own body and control one's own life and get rid of the "abnormal" label as opposed to "normal people" is already important for sexual minorities. At least for now, we can say that no matter how far Changde can go in the Rio Olympics, the 100 meters that are now spreading at the foot of this 20-year-old athlete is undoubtedly the longest 100 meters in Olympic history. The saw and fight against sex and gender on the sports field will also continue.
The gender problem of South African athlete Semenya has caused an uproar
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