In recent years, with the development of spunlace nonwovens in China, the scale of production is getting larger and larger, the production technology and process are becoming more and more mature, the management experience is becoming more and more abundant, the market is expanding, and the dosage is gradually increasing. However, spunlace nonwovens manufacturers are also facing price and market tests. Improving production technology and product quality, maintaining good technology and having a capable management team is one of the important measures to ensure that the company is in an invincible position. This paper focuses on the impact of raw materials, production equipment and processes on the quality of spunlaced nonwovens , and provides a reference for improving product quality.
1 The effect of physical properties of conventional raw materials on the quality of spunlaced nonwovens
Spunlaced nonwovens have special requirements for their raw materials, various fibers. Therefore, it has become a new topic in the industry for chemical fiber factories to produce fibers suitable for the use of nonwovens.
Breaking strength
Under the premise of a certain production process, the strength of the spunlaced nonwoven fabric is mainly determined by the breaking strength of the fiber. Different processing methods or the use of different adhesives have a certain effect on the strength of the spunlaced nonwoven fabric. The dryness of most fibers is stronger than wet, but the wetness of cotton and hemp is stronger than dry, while the wet strength of viscose is extremely small, so fiber and spunlace manufacturers are required to be in the process of production, storage and transportation. The performance (wet strength) of the fiber in the wet state should be considered. Many customers of spunlace nonwovens require high strength and good wear resistance from the perspective of ensuring product quality and cost saving. Therefore, raw material manufacturers must maintain and continuously improve the strength of the fiber.
Moisture regain
The moisture regain is used to indicate the fiber hygroscopic performance parameter, which is the parameter indicating the moisture in the fiber. If the moisture regain of the fiber exceeds the normal use range, that is, the water content in the fiber does not meet the usage regulations, or the moisture mixing is uneven, the influence on the production equipment and product quality of the nonwoven fabric is greatly affected. Especially in the carding process, when the raw material fiber is too wet, it is not easy to open, which may cause hanging flowers, block flowers, damage to the card clothing, and corrode equipment; if the fiber is too dry, it is easy to cause flying flowers and generate static electricity, which is not conducive to fiber web formation. It is not conducive to the quantitative control of the nonwoven fabric, so the moisture regain rate of the fiber is required to meet the process requirements of the spunlace production line equipment.
Oil content
The fiber contains a certain amount of oil to reduce the friction between the fiber and the fiber, to prevent static electricity, and to facilitate carding. When the oil content in the fiber does not meet the requirements for use, it will have an adverse effect on production. If the oil is too much, the surface of the fiber is too smooth, the cohesive force between the fibers is insufficient, it is not easy to comb, and the flower is severely broken, which easily breaks the fiber mesh, blocks the flower, and damages the equipment; if the oil content is too small, the friction coefficient between the fibers increases. Large, easy to generate static electricity, the fiber of the cross-laying machine can not be released very well, so that the carding machine is seriously flying, the network is not uniform, and the fiber network is quantitatively unstable.
Environmental resistance
Spunlaced nonwoven fabrics do not undergo performance changes when most of the conventional fibers are used in strict accordance with the production process. However, if the fibers or products are not properly placed, moisture or weathering may occur, which may cause fibers and products. Strong decline, even some fibers and products, yellow, powder, it is recommended that fiber and spunlace nonwoven manufacturers do not have a large inventory or long-term storage of products, once the placement environment changes, is not conducive to the stability of the product's intrinsic quality . Various fibers have different environmental resistance properties, and special attention should be paid to products containing polypropylene, nylon, and viscose.
Other indicators
Other indicators such as fiber denier or length have a significant impact on the product. Under the same non-woven fabric quantitative conditions, the finer the fiber, the more the number of fibers, the larger the indirect contact and area of ​​the fiber, the greater the resistance of the fibers to slide each other, and the greater the inherent strength of the product. However, if the fiber is too fine, the production process of the carding machine must be adjusted and the finer clothing should be replaced. Otherwise, the fiber is easy to wrap around the cylinder and it is difficult to form a net. If the fiber is too thick, the card clothing can not be well combed, and it is easy for the fiber web to slowly fall off from the main cylinder and the doffer to the lower part of the carding machine, which causes production difficulties. In general, the longer the fiber, the more the points and faces of the fibers are intertwined, the stronger the cohesion and the higher the product strength. However, the fiber is too long, which is easy to cause combing difficulties and is not conducive to web formation. When it is necessary to produce a product with high strength and high tear strength, the longer and thinner fibers should be selected on the basis of giving full play to the carding machine. When the company produces microfiber products, it uses fibers with a fineness of 0.33 dtex and a length of 51 mm. Conventional raw material specifications for spunlaced nonwoven fabrics are mostly 1.67 dtex and 38 mm in length. For fibers with different indexes, spunlace nonwovens production plants should explore and study the production process.
In short, the spunlace nonwovens production plant should select the appropriate raw materials according to the requirements of the users, strictly control the quality, and minimize the negative impact of raw materials on the spunlace nonwoven fabric.
1 The effect of physical properties of conventional raw materials on the quality of spunlaced nonwovens
Spunlaced nonwovens have special requirements for their raw materials, various fibers. Therefore, it has become a new topic in the industry for chemical fiber factories to produce fibers suitable for the use of nonwovens.
Breaking strength
Under the premise of a certain production process, the strength of the spunlaced nonwoven fabric is mainly determined by the breaking strength of the fiber. Different processing methods or the use of different adhesives have a certain effect on the strength of the spunlaced nonwoven fabric. The dryness of most fibers is stronger than wet, but the wetness of cotton and hemp is stronger than dry, while the wet strength of viscose is extremely small, so fiber and spunlace manufacturers are required to be in the process of production, storage and transportation. The performance (wet strength) of the fiber in the wet state should be considered. Many customers of spunlace nonwovens require high strength and good wear resistance from the perspective of ensuring product quality and cost saving. Therefore, raw material manufacturers must maintain and continuously improve the strength of the fiber.
Moisture regain
The moisture regain is used to indicate the fiber hygroscopic performance parameter, which is the parameter indicating the moisture in the fiber. If the moisture regain of the fiber exceeds the normal use range, that is, the water content in the fiber does not meet the usage regulations, or the moisture mixing is uneven, the influence on the production equipment and product quality of the nonwoven fabric is greatly affected. Especially in the carding process, when the raw material fiber is too wet, it is not easy to open, which may cause hanging flowers, block flowers, damage to the card clothing, and corrode equipment; if the fiber is too dry, it is easy to cause flying flowers and generate static electricity, which is not conducive to fiber web formation. It is not conducive to the quantitative control of the nonwoven fabric, so the moisture regain rate of the fiber is required to meet the process requirements of the spunlace production line equipment.
Oil content
The fiber contains a certain amount of oil to reduce the friction between the fiber and the fiber, to prevent static electricity, and to facilitate carding. When the oil content in the fiber does not meet the requirements for use, it will have an adverse effect on production. If the oil is too much, the surface of the fiber is too smooth, the cohesive force between the fibers is insufficient, it is not easy to comb, and the flower is severely broken, which easily breaks the fiber mesh, blocks the flower, and damages the equipment; if the oil content is too small, the friction coefficient between the fibers increases. Large, easy to generate static electricity, the fiber of the cross-laying machine can not be released very well, so that the carding machine is seriously flying, the network is not uniform, and the fiber network is quantitatively unstable.
Environmental resistance
Spunlaced nonwoven fabrics do not undergo performance changes when most of the conventional fibers are used in strict accordance with the production process. However, if the fibers or products are not properly placed, moisture or weathering may occur, which may cause fibers and products. Strong decline, even some fibers and products, yellow, powder, it is recommended that fiber and spunlace nonwoven manufacturers do not have a large inventory or long-term storage of products, once the placement environment changes, is not conducive to the stability of the product's intrinsic quality . Various fibers have different environmental resistance properties, and special attention should be paid to products containing polypropylene, nylon, and viscose.
Other indicators
Other indicators such as fiber denier or length have a significant impact on the product. Under the same non-woven fabric quantitative conditions, the finer the fiber, the more the number of fibers, the larger the indirect contact and area of ​​the fiber, the greater the resistance of the fibers to slide each other, and the greater the inherent strength of the product. However, if the fiber is too fine, the production process of the carding machine must be adjusted and the finer clothing should be replaced. Otherwise, the fiber is easy to wrap around the cylinder and it is difficult to form a net. If the fiber is too thick, the card clothing can not be well combed, and it is easy for the fiber web to slowly fall off from the main cylinder and the doffer to the lower part of the carding machine, which causes production difficulties. In general, the longer the fiber, the more the points and faces of the fibers are intertwined, the stronger the cohesion and the higher the product strength. However, the fiber is too long, which is easy to cause combing difficulties and is not conducive to web formation. When it is necessary to produce a product with high strength and high tear strength, the longer and thinner fibers should be selected on the basis of giving full play to the carding machine. When the company produces microfiber products, it uses fibers with a fineness of 0.33 dtex and a length of 51 mm. Conventional raw material specifications for spunlaced nonwoven fabrics are mostly 1.67 dtex and 38 mm in length. For fibers with different indexes, spunlace nonwovens production plants should explore and study the production process.
In short, the spunlace nonwovens production plant should select the appropriate raw materials according to the requirements of the users, strictly control the quality, and minimize the negative impact of raw materials on the spunlace nonwoven fabric.
2 Influence of production equipment and processes on the quality of spunlaced nonwovens
Carding machine
The carding machine is the core equipment for forming the net, and is mainly composed of a feeding roller, a transfer roller, a small cylinder, a large cylinder, a work roll, a stripping roller, a doffer, a compensating roller, an output roller and a messy roller. Using various types of rotating card clothing and the rotational speed and direction of different card clothing, the fibers are fully combed and impurities are removed to achieve a uniform single fiber state, so that the fibers are thoroughly mixed and disordered, and finally a uniform fiber web is formed. . The matching of fiber and card clothing specifications, the proper deployment of card clothing speed and the quality of card clothing are the main factors affecting the quality of the net.
Carding machine
The carding machine is the core equipment for forming the net, and is mainly composed of a feeding roller, a transfer roller, a small cylinder, a large cylinder, a work roll, a stripping roller, a doffer, a compensating roller, an output roller and a messy roller. Using various types of rotating card clothing and the rotational speed and direction of different card clothing, the fibers are fully combed and impurities are removed to achieve a uniform single fiber state, so that the fibers are thoroughly mixed and disordered, and finally a uniform fiber web is formed. . The matching of fiber and card clothing specifications, the proper deployment of card clothing speed and the quality of card clothing are the main factors affecting the quality of the net.
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