Moonstone is the most valuable variety of feldspar gemstones. Because it can emit a light blue faint color, like the moonlight of the moon, the poet praised "the glory is like the autumn moon, who believes in the cold color." "People think that wearing moonstone can bring good luck. The Indians regard the moonstone as the "sacred stone". It is the jewel of the thirteenth anniversary of marriage. It is listed as the birthstone of June with the stone and pearl. It indicates health and longevity, and prosperity. .
Many ancient civilizations in the world. The Romans worship the moonstone because they think it is the radiant mass that was born in the moon. The Romans and the Greeks used the moonstone as their god stone to gather the glory of the moon. In modern history, Moonstone was popular in the New Art era. French goldsmith Rene Lalique and many other artists have made amazing jewellery with moonstone as the main element and material. In China, moonstone is also a gem that is very popular among nobles. It is said that the famous ancient Hessian is made of moonstone.
Necklace, 1910, Louis Comfort Tiffany (Tiffany)
Material: Moonstone, Sapphire, Platinum
Mineralogical attributes and identification characteristics:
Necklace, 1910, Louis Comfort Tiffany (Tiffany)
Material: Moonstone, Sapphire, Platinum
Moonstone belongs to the feldspar class, and the English name: Feldspar evolved from German's Feldspath. Spar is the meaning of splitting. It also illustrates the attempt to have features that are not completely cleavable. Feldspar is a waterless framework silicate mineral, and the Changshi family produces various types of rock. He accounts for about 50% of the weight of the earth's crust and 60% of its volume is an important rock-forming mineral that is widely found in nature. main
It is an aluminosilicate of Na, Ca, k, Ba. Moonstone is the most common combination of feldspar and albite. The good quality moonstone is translucent and has a blue light like a wave. Poorly turbid. The lower level only has a halo and no blue light. Moonstone belongs to the biaxial crystal. The refractive index is 1.518~1.526, and the relative density is less than 2.62. Some small cleavage often occurs on the convex curved gemstone belt. It can be distinguished from similar chalcedony, opal, glass or plastic. Moonstone emits pink fluorescence under short-wave UV radiation, while there is no or only weak fluorescence under long-wave UV. There is blue or violet blue fluorescence under x-rays. It should be pointed out that there are many gemstones with a moonlight effect in nature, but they can only be called moonstone when the feldspar mineral has this effect. Other gemstones cannot use the moonstone name even if they have a moonlight effect.
A BELLE EPOQUE MOONSTONE & DIAMOND PENDANT brooch in 1910, designed with a butterfly-set inlaid with two moonstone diamonds and platinum
Moonstone and Diamond Brooch, Cartier, 1905.
Designed as a set of two pear-shaped cabochon moonstones and rosettes.
A BELLE EPOQUE MOONSTONE & DIAMOND PENDANT brooch in 1910, designed with a butterfly-set inlaid with two moonstone diamonds and platinum
The method of identification of moonstone is based on the unique color, transparency, gloss, hardness, specific gravity, inclusion, dispersion, cleavage, fracture, birefringence, special optical effects, etc. of the gemstone, using simple tools such as 10 times or more. Magnifying glass, spotlight flashlight, etc. are identified.
Native moonstones are produced in special veins and pegmatite veins, but are valuable from sand mines and weathered layers. Important places of origin: Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Brazil, Madagascar, the United States, Australia. China's Inner Mongolia is also produced.
colour:
The color of moonstone is usually colorless, yellowish, white, gray, etc., and it is more opaque to transparent. But generally good moonstone is milky white, translucent and has a light blue halo, like moonlight.
Variety:
The varieties of moonstone are mainly divided into: ice long moonstone, showing azure milky white luster; sodium long moonstone with pearl luster; elongated moonstone, yellowish brownish blue light; Korean moonstone, is a kind of blend Types of moonstone. In addition, opals, wolfstones, fisheye stones, etc., also belong to the moonstone variety.
Quality Evaluation:
3. The higher the transparency, the higher the value
4. The value is reduced, but for feldspar with special optical effects, the influence of internal inclusions on value is much weaker than other gemstones. Only the cracks and obvious defects of smoke in China will affect the value.
Tip: If you look through the overdraft, don't consider the size of the light, as you can see it, as described above.
There are three taboos for moonstone maintenance:
First, moonstone jewelry cannot be washed with a liquid with acid and alkali, so stay away from all cosmetics, perfumes, greases, etc.
Second, avoid friction and collision with hard materials to avoid scratches.
Third, the moonstone may burst when it encounters a strong impact.
Identification method:
The gems similar to the moonstone are mainly white quartz cat's eye, chalcedony, white opal, glass and plastic. The important difference between moonstone and them is:
1. Moonlight's fainting is extremely special. When turning a gemstone, it tends to move in a sheet shape, while the quartz cat's eye shows a linear movement of the eyeliner.
2. Feldspar has obvious texture, and there are jagged fractures in some small sections, while other similar gemstones are mostly shell-shaped fractures, and the fractures are smooth curved surfaces.
3. Inside the moonstone, there are sometimes “100-footed†inclusions, which can be used as an important basis for identification.
When the above characteristics are not obvious, it is determined by measuring the refractive index and specific gravity of the gemstone. Identify key typical cleavage, feature inclusions.
4. The blue of the moonstone is very crystal clear, and the transparency of the moonstone is also very high. The good quality moonstone will be translucent, and the moonlight will be in the middle.
The method of identification of moonstone is based on the unique color, transparency, gloss, hardness, specific gravity, inclusion, dispersion, cleavage, fracture, birefringence, special optical effects, etc. of the gemstone, using simple tools such as 10 times or more. Magnifying glass, spotlight flashlight, etc. are identified.
Look at color and transparency
The first thing to notice is to observe the color of the gem. Regardless of the gemstone, the scope of the appraisal is somewhat reduced depending on the color and hue of the gemstone. Olivine special olive green color, as soon as possible. A few gems are bright emeralds, such as emeralds, garnets and some dyed gems. Black gems are only wugang, coal, tourmaline, diopside, and black lava. Purple gemstones have amethyst, purple sapphire, spinel, cubic zirconia. In the identification of jade, Malaysian jade and green chalcedony, if you look closely, you can find that the green distribution of jadeite is uneven, the fracture is a dull jagged fracture, the color of Malaysian jade is distributed into filaments, and the fracture is glassy. And there is a sense of sand, the color of the green chalcedony is milky and evenly distributed. The color of the dyed jade is unnatural, and it is concentrated in the cracks. The true color of the jade is natural and the distribution is natural. The naked eye of ruby ​​and spinel is distinguished by how much ruby ​​is ruby ​​in the ruby, placed in the water, sometimes with a hexagonal ribbon, and the red spinel is absolutely uniform in color.
Transparency can be used to understand the pros and cons of a gem. Generally speaking, the same kind of gem, the higher the transparency, the more precious it is. Transparency can also be used to identify gemstones of similar color but different types. For example, spinel and purple tooth are similar in color, but the spinel is transparent, and some purple teeth are opaque or translucent. The same is true for yellow and sapphire. Yellow sapphire is a transparent crystal, while sapphire has a transparent, translucent to opaque distinction. Peridot is a transparent crystal, while jasper, which is similar in color, is opaque.
The luster of a gemstone is an important basis for visual identification, and a satisfactory range of refraction can be roughly judged. The gloss is determined by the level of the refractive index and the smoothness of the polished surface. The stronger the gloss of the unknown gemstone, the higher the refractive index. The refractive index of the semi-gold shiny gemstone falls on the scale of the refractometer in the high refractive index range, and the refractive index of the gemstone with glass luster is in the range of è¹, and half off work. Glossy gemstones have a lower refractive index. The polished surface of the jade with waxy, lustrous grease is relatively poor, and the silky luster indicates that the gem has many needle-like inclusions. The resin may have amber luster, and the curved surface has a color, translucent, cloud-like shape, and the sky-blue milky white is an ice long moonstone. The pearly luster is a sodium long moonstone, which is yellowish brown and has a blue luster that is elongated moonstone. The shining golden light in the sun is the sun stone. Diamonds have a typical diamond luster.
Some gemstones with similar appearance can be distinguished by testing their hardness. For example, diamonds, zircons, crystals, etc., although similar in appearance, have different hardnesses. Diamonds can scratch zircon, crystal, but crystal can not scratch zircon. For example, rubies, red spinels, red tourmalines, purple teeth, etc. are all red color gemstones. Knowing the difference in hardness, they can be compared by scoring to distinguish them.
The hardness of the main gemstones is as follows: Diamond - 10, Red Sapphire - 9, Gold Green Cat Eye - 8.5, Spinel - 8, Yellow Gem - 8, Zircon - 7.5-8, Emerald - 7.5 , tourmaline - 7-7.5; crystal - 7, purple tooth Wu - 6.5-7.5, olivine - 6.5-7, opal - 5.5.
To identify the gemstone with hardness, you need to pay attention to the following points:
This law has two limitations. First, some gemstones with similar colors are similar in hardness, such as zircon and purple tooth; second, there is no power for artificial gemstones, because artificial gemstones are very similar in physical properties to natural gemstones.
Don't use too much force when testing, especially if you can't tap the stroke, but slowly drag and scribe.
Quantitative weight and seeing dispersion
Estimating the specific gravity of a gemstone by hand is a secret trick for experienced appraisers. For example, the proportion of diamonds and colorless artificial cubic zirconia resembling diamonds is 3.52, and the proportion of cubic zirconia is 5.8. The same size ring faces, with one hand, and the light is diamond. Or by looking at the diameter of the gemstone, you can roughly estimate the specific gravity and weight of the gemstone by hand.
When the conditions permit, the specific gravity can be measured by using the scales that are reused in the jewelry store. A small blue wire made of gold or copper wire is hung on one end. The gemstone is first placed in the basket and weighed in the air, that is, the weight of the gem in the air. Then, the small blue with the gemstone ornament is immersed in the glass filled with water, and then the weight is reduced. This is the weight of the gemstone in the water. At this time, according to the principle of physics, the weight lost by the object in the water is equal to the object. The weight of water discharged in the same volume (but the water used is based on 15 ° C or 60 F of distilled water). Therefore, the formula is as follows:
Specific gravity = weight in air / weight in air - weight in water
The moonstone then finds the corresponding gemstone name in the gravity meter based on the gemstone's specific gravity. There are a lot of corresponding gems, but it can also be combined with hardness, color and other comprehensive analysis to determine the name of the gems.
Another reliable method is the heavy liquid method, which is to exchange the same specific gravity as the gemstone to be measured, and then put the gem into the liquid to see if the sink is floating. For example, the proportion of jadeite is 3.33, and it is placed in a heavy liquid of 3.2 grams per cubic centimeter. The jadeite will naturally sink because the specific gravity is greater than the heavy liquid. If it is floating, it is not jade. Of course, the preparation of heavy liquid requires a certain amount of raw materials, and it is not very easy to operate.
In transparent faceted gemstones, dispersion strength can provide important clues for identification. Only diamonds, artificial cubic zirconia, zircon, rutile, garnet, cassiterite, etc. can be seen with the naked eye.
Observing inclusions
Observing the characteristics of inclusions in transparent gemstones with a 10x magnifying glass is the most reliable method for distinguishing between natural and artificial products. The inclusions of natural gemstones can be solid, liquid, gas, solids and many crystal forms; artificial gemstones mostly have bubbles, and spiral-shaped solid inclusions are inclusions of synthetic gemstones.
Look at the fracture and cleavage
The gloss of the fracture and fracture surfaces is particularly important for the identification of certain stones. Most of the gemstones with glass luster are shell-like fractures, and translucent and opaque jade are mostly granular and jagged fractures. For example, the fracture of the coral is dull and jagged; the fracture of amber is resin luster and shell-like fracture; the fracture of chalcedony and agate is resin gloss and shell-like fracture; turquoise is dull grease, grainy or shell-like fracture; The dense jade and the Dongling stone are granular and jagged.
Birefringence and pleochroism
With a 10x magnifying glass, you can see the double shadow of the partially curved transparent gemstone. This feature is also an important basis for identifying gemstones. Common gemstones with strong double-shadow properties are only zircon, olivine, tourmaline, and rutile.
The dichroism of some colored gemstones can be seen with the naked eye. The blue-green and brown-green dichroism of tourmaline, as well as ruby, sapphire, zircon, andalusite, marble, etc., can be seen as long as the gemstone is turned.
Moonstone sees special optical effects
Some gemstones have special optical effects, and the appearance of any kind of optical phenomenon may narrow the prediction range of unknown gemstones. Place the top of the jewel face down on a white background. Use a pen to illuminate the bottom of the sample from different angles. If you see a red circle reflected by the flat bottom or around the waist, it may be purple teeth or glass. Two layers of stone, pay attention to red, purple or very thin samples can not see the red circle. A red flash of bright blue gems from dark tones can be thought of as artificial spinels or Tanzanian stones. Individual gemstones can produce color changes under different light sources. The stone is purple blue under natural light and reddish purple under tungsten light. Ice feldspar smudges change color under different light. Opal has a special multicolored color change. A snow-like flash often appears in aquamarine. Common sapphire gemstones include rubies, sapphires, hibiscus stones, and purple teeth. The four-star gemstones have spinel, pyroxene, and hornblende. If the gemstone is thin and obvious, the other is wide and fuzzy. Under the magnifying glass, many metal-like inclusions are seen, which are diopside gemstones. Common cat's eye gemstones include gold emeralds, crystals, aquamarine, tourmaline, feldspar, etc. The color of the eyes is like a tiger eye, and the eagle eye is a wood stone.
T/C Shirt,Male Tc Print Shirt,Long Sleeve Print T/C Shirt,Navy Blue T/C Shirt
SHAOXING GUANGQI TRADING CO.,LTD , https://www.sxgqtrading.com